How can you reduce the risk of sending bitcoin to a tampered address?

Detailed explanation

Bitcoin addresses are long, so users often copy and paste them. Clipboard malware can replace a copied destination or other payment data with an attacker's details. Malware can alter data before copying, during pasting or within a manipulated wallet interface.

In address poisoning, an attacker creates similar-looking entries in transaction history. Comparing only an address's beginning and end or reusing a previous history entry is therefore weak protection. A QR code does not prevent manipulation if it comes from a tampered invoice, website or app.

The computer screen is not an independent check if that same device may be compromised. With a hardware wallet or separate signer, the complete recipient details shown there are authoritative. Check before signing or final approval. Do not sign if unexpected differences appear.

A test transaction can reduce the initially exposed amount but does not replace checking the following payment again. If a discrepancy is found, the device, wallet and download source should be examined as potentially compromised. Do not enter the seed phrase for a supposed repair on the same potentially affected device.